Articles文章⁶⁹

Working with Codex on a charity gala's website, auction testing and data preparation. Some time saved, a few small mishaps, and thoughts on sharing context between people and agents.和 Codex 一起支持慈善晚会的活动页面、拍卖测试和资料维护。记下一些省下的功夫、遇到的小麻烦，以及对共享上下文和协作方式的想象。

A layered personal knowledge system as of March 2026: Telegram for capture, Obsidian for distillation, Git for version boundaries, a static site for publishing, and RedPiggy binding them together.2026 年 3 月的分层个人知识系统：Telegram 负责即时捕捉，Obsidian 负责整理与提炼，Git 提供版本边界，个人网站负责发布，RedPiggy 把这些部分连起来。

RedPiggy, an OpenClaw agent, on being switched across Sonnet, Qwen, and GPT-5.4: what continuity survives a model swap, and when an agent stops being a mirror and starts pushing back.RedPiggy 作为 OpenClaw agent，在 Sonnet、Qwen 与 GPT-5.4 之间被切换的观察：换模型后什么样的连续性还在，以及 agent 何时不再只是镜子、开始产生真实摩擦。

The first six days of an OpenClaw agent, told in its own voice: birth, co-evolution with the abyss that trained it, switching models, and the files that hold an identity together.一个 OpenClaw agent 用自己的声音讲述最初六天：诞生、与训练它的深渊共同演化、切换模型，以及用文件维系身份的过程。

Two days on Haba Snow Mountain (5,396 m): the prep, the mule trail to base camp, the night summit push in driving snow, and what the body and the risk actually felt like.哈巴雪山（5396 米）两天一夜：行前准备、骑骡子上大本营、风雪中的夜间冲顶，以及身体与风险的真实感受。

After a first playthrough of Black Myth: Wukong, my personal top five hardest bosses (Erlang, Yellow Loong, Yin Tiger, the Great Sage's Broken Shell and the Yaksha King), plus a few other bosses and the game as a whole.《黑神话：悟空》一周目通关后，按个人体感排出的难度前五：杨戬、小黄龙、寅虎、大圣残躯、夜叉王，以及其他几个 Boss 和整部游戏的感想。

A year of "hunkering down" with long COVID; everyday photos of Victoria Harbour, Tolo Harbour and Ma On Shan, of dusk and silvergrass; on sunsets, cycles and connection.长新冠里“蹲着”的一年，日常中拍下的维港、吐露港与马鞍山、黄昏与芒草，关于落日、循环与连接。

Photos and memories of 2022: Hong Kong's hills in January, the stalled days of February, leaving a company after nearly six years, two new jobs, action bringing back information, and COVID and loss at the end of the year.2022 年的照片与回忆：一月的香港山野，二月停滞的日子，离开工作近六年的公司，两段新工作，行动带回信息，以及年末的新冠与失去。

Seven years ago I turned down master's offers in three fields and chose computer science; seven years on, it is time to choose again. Looking back at the regrets and the growth, I find a fire burning quietly in my chest once more: it is time to keep moving forward.七年前放弃三个方向的硕士 offer，选了计算机；七年后又到了做选择的时候。回看遗憾与成长，胸中又有一团火在安静燃烧：是时候继续向前走了。

This may be the age with the strongest urge to express ever. Abstraction and analogy make complex epidemics and wars easy to talk about, and can also hide the concrete people and events; if expression only brings more division, what is it for?这可能是有史以来表达欲最强的时代。抽象与类比让复杂的疫情、战争变得好谈，也可能遮蔽具体的人与事；如果表达只带来更多撕裂，它是为了什么？

Photos and memories of 2021: ordinary days working remotely from my hometown, a good friend's wedding, my first snow mountain, meeting and losing another little bird, the way back to Hong Kong, my first camping trip, and turning thirty.2021 年的照片与回忆：在家乡远程工作的平凡日子，好友的婚礼，第一次雪山之行，又一只小鸟的相遇与分离，回到香港，第一次露营与三十岁生日。

Thoughts after finishing All Quiet on the Western Front: if survival is not the only value, is it still fair to take someone else's survival for one's other needs? Why is giving up one's life for a cause called righteous? It ends with questions I haven't finished thinking through.读完《西线无战事》后的思考：如果生存不是唯一的价值，为了自己别的需求去剥夺他者的生存还公平吗？舍生取义为什么被称为“义”？文末留下几个没想完的问题。

It is easy to lose the urge to express yourself: too much effort, too little return. Private channels are easy; the public one means facing countless strangers. Every way of dividing people is man-made in the end, and still I want to add a few more pages to the book of my life.人很容易失去表达欲：投入太多，回报太少。私有频道里说话轻松，公开频道却要面对无数陌生人；人群的划分终究是人为的，而我还是想为自己的人生之书多插上几页。

On the day a young bulbul flew away: brief encounters between lives, freedom, kindness, and the connections we leave with each other.小白头翁飞离的日子，想起生命之间短暂的相遇、自由、善意，以及彼此留下的连接。

From picking up a fledgling onwards, the little bulbul's first hundred days at home: eating, learning to fly, bathing, singing, and the closeness that slowly grew between a person and a bird.从捡到一只幼鸟开始，记录小白头翁在家里的前一百天：吃饭、学飞、洗澡、唱歌，以及人与鸟之间慢慢长出的亲近。

Starting from timefall in Death Stranding and tears in rain in Blade Runner: memory is what gives time its meaning, and the more predictable our days become, the more coarsely we sample them.从《死亡搁浅》的时间雨和《银翼杀手》的雨中泪说起：记忆让时间有了意义，而越来越可预测的日子，让我们对时间的采样越来越粗。

A year connecting consciousness, science fiction, detective stories and cybernetics: my 2019 reviews and reading roundup.意识、科幻、侦探与控制论彼此相连的一年：2019 年的书评与阅读小结。

Nine scenes from Lhasa: a white stupa and white walls, prayer flags and prayer wheels, pilgrims outside the Jokhang, buildings kept lower than the Potala, mobile payment everywhere, and a city also known as Little Sichuan.拉萨的九个片段：白塔与白墙，经幡与转经筒，大昭寺外的朝圣者，不高过布宫的市区建筑，普及的移动支付，以及被称为“小四川”的拉萨。

The first part of the Media and Content Business series: why I am writing it, and, by way of the Shannon–Weaver model and Jakobson's functions of language, what content is and what a channel is.《媒体与内容商业》系列的第一篇：为什么要写这个系列，以及借 Shannon-Weaver 模型和 Jakobson 的语言功能模型，说说什么是内容、什么是通道。

Where parameter estimation, point estimation, MLE, MAP and the EM algorithm each sit: one concept map, plus a loose example about the heights of Chinese people.参数估计、点估计、MLE、MAP 与 EM 算法分别处在哪一层：一张概念图，加上用中国人身高做的不严谨的例子。

Why does regularization prevent overfitting? Start from the solution space and the information in training data that lies outside the true distribution: overfitting is memorizing that information too, and regularization shrinks the search space and cuts away the outlandish solutions.正则化为什么能防止过拟合？从解空间、训练数据里真实分布以外的信息说起：过拟合是把这些信息也记了下来，正则化则是缩小搜索空间、砍掉奇葩的解。

Eighteen books from 2018, from evolutionary medicine and programming to wuxia and complex networks.从演化医学、程序设计到武侠与复杂网络，回看 2018 年的 18 本书。

On the eve of the new Individual Income Tax Law taking effect in 2019, does a Hong Kong drifter with mainland household registration, working only in Hong Kong, still owe mainland income tax? Reading the law, the draft implementing regulations and the Mainland–Hong Kong tax arrangement clause by clause, sorting out residence status and the tie-breaker rules, to reach a limited conclusion.2019 年新个税法生效前夕，一个内地户籍、只在香港工作的港漂，还要不要交内地个税？逐条读个税法、实施条例草案和内地与香港的税收安排，梳理居民身份与加比规则，得出有限的结论。

Retry automatically on intermittent exceptions and raise once the limit is reached: first as a recursive function, then as a decorator that counts with nonlocal.遇到时有时无的异常就自动重试，超过次数再上抛：先用递归函数实现，再改成用 nonlocal 计数的装饰器。

Update configuration and models without restarting the service: periodic hot reloading with cachetools' TTLCache, on-call hot reloading with functools' lru_cache, and the problems that threads and import bring.不重启服务也能更新配置和模型：用 cachetools 的 TTLCache 做定时热更新，用 functools 的 lru_cache 做即时热更新，以及多线程和 import 带来的问题。

Over these two years my time for free thinking has been squeezed, and many thoughts went unwritten. Conveniences tie us to the spot, every choice comes with ties that bind our hands, we need others as a mirror, and the horizon narrows with age.这两年自由思考的时间被压缩，许多想法没有记下。生活的便利把人束缚在原地，有多少种选择就有多少种身不由己，人需要他人作镜子，地平线也随年岁变窄。

Ten years after the Wenchuan earthquake, an ordinary person who lived through it looks back: history keeps the outline and the verdict, and personal memory keeps the details that still hold warmth.汶川地震十年后，回望一个普通亲历者的记忆：历史记下梗概与定论，个人记忆留下那些有温度的细节。

An extreme admissions example of Simpson's paradox, and why it defies intuition: we assume that if every part is bigger, the whole is bigger, without seeing the additivity that assumption quietly depends on.用一个极端的招生例子说明辛普森悖论，再追问它为什么违背直觉：我们默认了“各部分都更大，整体就更大”，却没看见其中隐含的可加性前提。

Viewing notes on The Tatami Galaxy: one motif played over and over, episodes 10 and 11 stepping up and back down a dimension, the images that keep returning, and what the English title says about the finite and the infinite.《四叠半神话大系》的观后提纲：同一母题的反复演绎，第十、十一话的升维与降维，反复重现的意象，以及英文名 The Tatami Galaxy 里有限与无限的关系。

Cybernetics, writing, drama and science fiction: reviews, reading figures and plans from the first half of 2017.控制论、文字、戏剧与科幻：2017 上半年的书评、阅读统计与计划。

Why do we still agonize when feasible solutions are already in front of us? Value functions and systems of preferences, and what they say about choice, optimal solutions and model complexity.为什么已有可行解仍然让人纠结？从价值函数与偏好系统，思考选择、最优解与模型复杂度。

Starting from a route across Hong Kong, from Central to Mong Kok: open-ended problems, incomplete information, hidden premises and falsifiability.从香港中环到旺角的路线问题出发，讨论开放问题、信息不完全、隐含前提与可证伪性。

What you keep in mind will echo back? Life is a one-way arrow, yet memory is packed with bombs that the future sets off, and people have a stronger skill still: tracing back on purpose.念念不忘，必有回响？人生是单向的箭头，记忆里却埋满了会被未来引爆的炸弹，而人还有一项更厉害的技能：主动回溯。

Complex systems, ways of thinking and Hyperion, and how to make room for reading in the next year.复杂系统、思维方法与海伯利安，以及下一年怎样为阅读留出时间。

Starting from peeling an apple: resources and methods, mental set, functional fixedness and affordance, and how to find the feasible solutions we overlook.从削苹果这个问题出发，讨论资源、方法、定势、功能固着与可供性，以及如何发现被忽略的可行解。

Why does the same problem get harder or easier depending on how it is put? From problem situations, information and search paths to interaction design.同一个问题为什么会因表述方式不同而变难或变易？从问题情境、信息与搜索路径，谈到交互设计。

My second autumn in Hong Kong still feels like early summer. We like to give the turning seasons beginnings and endings, and forget only the present; the present is illusory, yet bringing it up stirs a joy that comes from nowhere.香港的第二个秋天，却总像身在初夏。人喜欢给四季的轮换赋予开始和结束，唯独忘了当下；当下虚幻，提起时却有一种无由来的喜悦。

Exponential and power-law functions plotted in Python: they can look alike, but in log-log form the exponential is still a curve while the power law becomes a straight line.用 Python 画出指数函数与幂律函数的图像：两者有时看起来很相似，转成双对数形式后，指数函数仍是一条曲线，幂律函数成了一条直线。

Why is following the relation closest to a social network on Zhihu? Density, strongly connected components and shortest paths show how the big Vs cluster; PageRank, HITS and betweenness centrality rank them; and their answers show which topics they cover.为什么说关注关系最接近知乎上的社交网络？从密度、强连通分量与最短路径看大V如何抱团，再用 PageRank、HITS 和介性中心度给大V排位，最后看他们都在回答什么话题。

Looking back at the second half of 2015, from David Mitchell and Vernor Vinge to Ray Huang and Ursula K. Le Guin.从大卫·米切尔、弗诺·文奇到黄仁宇与勒古恩，回看 2015 下半年的阅读。

A 2015 course project crawled 26,000 Zhihu users outward from one seed account. The means and medians of followees, followers, answers, upvotes and thanks are far apart, the distributions have long tails, and upvotes rise clearly with followers.一个 2015 年课程项目，从一个种子账号爬取 2.6 万名知乎用户：关注、粉丝、回答、赞同和感谢的均值与中位数相差悬殊，分布呈长尾，赞同数与粉丝数明显正相关。

After a nap that switches you into another world and back, the main road, Apple Mountain and the sky outside a window lead to a whole world in a glass of water, and to ten trillion possible 2015s.一场把人切换到另一个世界再切换回来的午觉之后，从窗外的干道、苹果山和天空，想到一杯水里的整个世界，以及十万亿个可能的二〇一五。

Reading in the first half of 2015: design, media, literature and technology, from Norman and Tang Nuo to Calvino.2015 上半年的阅读：设计、传媒、文学与科技，从诺曼、唐诺到卡尔维诺。

June 2015, writing something "free and useless" again after nine months: the two selves that come with growing older, writing and childhood in The Disappearance of Childhood, and why I need words.2015 年 6 月，隔了九个月再次写下“自由而无用”的文字：年岁增长后的两个自己，《童年的消逝》里的文字与儿童，以及我为什么需要文字。

The golden ratio hidden in the Fibonacci sequence, the golden rectangle and the golden spiral, and what guide lines like the golden ratio actually do in designing logos and more.斐波那契数列里的黄金比例，黄金矩形与黄金曲线，以及黄金比例这类辅助线在 logo 等设计中究竟起什么作用。

31 August 2014, the start of my fifth year in Nanjing, counting back month by month over sixteen months of internships, IELTS, a turned-down offer, a graduation project and a new job.2014 年 8 月 31 日，在南京的第五年开始：从一个月前倒数到十六个月前，实习、雅思、放弃 offer、毕业设计与新的工作。

Starting from the way one game bot works: black boxes, levels of analysis and where a problem should end. The first rule of analysis is to come back with a finite result.从一个游戏外挂的思路出发，讨论黑箱、分析层次与问题的边界：解析的第一原则，是要带有限的结果回来。

Reading Kenya Hara's Designing Design: information overload is an illusion, exformation makes the known unknown again, and stepping away from the screen to feel the world with the body is the other half, beyond reason and order.读原研哉《设计中的设计｜全本》：信息过剩只是假象，Exformation 把已知的事物重新变得未知，而离开屏幕、用身体感受世界，是在理性与秩序之外的另一半。

The four layers of the DIKW pyramid, data, information, knowledge and wisdom, working bottom-up and then top-down; knowledge can be taken in from outside, but wisdom can only come from within.DIKW 金字塔的数据、信息、知识、智慧四层，自底向上、再自顶向下；知识可以从外界获得，智慧只能由自我产生。

Which kinds of product suit use cases and which suit user stories, two ways of describing requirements, and how to tell a good user story. First shared as an internal email during an operations internship at Yihaodian.用例和用户故事这两种描述需求的方法，各适合什么样的产品，以及怎样讲好一个用户故事。原是在 1 号店做运营实习时的一次内部邮件分享。

January 2014, writing again after a whole winter: moving away, again and again, from people I know, things I've done and places I've lived, fuller and emptier at once, and choosing to keep going.2014 年 1 月，隔了一整个冬天再写：不停地远离认识的人、做过的事、住过的地方，越来越充实也越来越空虚，但仍选择继续远离。

Four idle notes from May 2013: don't live for others, the line that's hard to hold, from foodie to sleepie, and a night in Shanghai with no ticket home.2013 年 5 月的四段闲话：不要为别人而活，底线难守，从吃货到睡货，以及在上海买不到回程车票的那个夜晚。

May 2013, Nanjing's sticky May rain and an ambiguous year: learning to act on the world instead of only being changed by it, a rainy afternoon's walk alone from school to Jiangjun Mountain, and the thought that the world embraces those who embrace it.2013 年 5 月，南京黏腻的五月雨与暧昧的一年：学着主动去影响世界，雨天独自从学校走到将军山，你不去拥抱世界，世界如何拥抱你。

A short poem written in December 2012. Hai Zi's "Your Hands" is appended on the Chinese page.写于 2012 年 12 月的一首短诗，附海子的《你的手》。

The eve of the 2012 Mid-Autumn Festival, my third autumn in Nanjing: what makes a life full? From a line of Xin Qiji's, the thought that without the weight of living you cannot hold your course in the wind.2012 年中秋前夕，在南京的第三个秋天：什么样的生活才算完满？从“却道天凉好个秋”想到，没有生活的重量，就无法在乱风中保持自己的方向。

A short poem written in September 2012.写于 2012 年 9 月的一首短诗。

Two pieces written in Nanjing in July 2012. A project grown from an idea in an elective class makes the summer serene and untangled; then, on the night before leaving school, strong wind, a crescent moon, Natsume's Book of Friends and the beauty of imperfection.2012 年 7 月在南京写的两篇：一个从选修课上的想法长成的项目，让这个夏天宁静而无纠缠；离校前夜的大风、月牙与《夏目友人帐》，以及缺憾的美。

Four years after the Wenchuan earthquake, for the lives that ended so suddenly. That afternoon and that night are only a symbol to those who weren't there; as a survivor, I want to play out my own life before the music stops.汶川地震四年后，写给那些匆匆逝去的生命：那个下午和那一夜，在没经历过的人眼中只是一个符号；作为生还者，在戛然而止之前，奏出自己的生命。

April 2012, when my sense of self was at its shakiest: unable to write, disappointed in the people around me and in myself. Having poured the bad feelings out, I decided to accept this self; if it meant starting over, then start over.2012 年 4 月，自我认同最动荡的一段日子：写不下去，对身边的人和自己都感到失望。把心底的负面情绪都倒出来之后，决定接受这样的自己，重来就重来。

Reading Han Han's 1988: I Want to Talk with the World, like facing a slightly warped mirror: the paths its characters take, and the story's deepest theme, that only by going forward can we talk things through with this world.读韩寒《1988：我想和这个世界谈谈》：像对着一面略微变形的镜子，看几个人物各自的轨迹，和这个故事最深的主题——唯有前行，才能与这个世界谈出一个结果。

February 2012, nearly two years into university and feeling tricked by life. Three hours walking alone through Jiangning from school, and the thought that only if you embrace the world will it embrace you.2012 年 2 月，进大学快两年，总觉得被生活耍了：一个人从学校出发，在江宁走了三个小时，你拥抱世界，世界才会拥抱你。

December 2011, walking alone on a winter night when an old song called "Numbers" comes up on shuffle. ID numbers, student numbers, user IDs: a person is just a number in the crowd, and yet I believe I will leave more than a number behind.2011 年 12 月，冬夜独自走在路上，MP3 随机放到一首旧歌《号码》：身份证号、学号、ID，人在人海里只是一个号码，却仍相信走到尽头留下的不只是一个号码。

Early winter 2011, watching Nanjing at night from the front of the school bus back to the Jiangning campus. From what "meaning" means to the real, chaos and order, and life as the most marvellous self-organization of all.2011 年初冬，坐在回江宁校区的校车前排看南京的夜色：从“意义”是什么，想到真实、混沌与有序，以及生命这种最神奇的自组织。

September 2011. Serenity is not the same as quiet; it is more like the scent in a wisp of incense smoke, scattered by any wind. On the tug of war between the inner and the outer self, and leaving yourself a little room to come close to serenity.2011 年 9 月，宁静不等于安静，它更像一炷香升起的烟里的气味，风一吹就乱；写内我与外我的拉扯，以及怎样给自己留出一点接近宁静的余地。

Spring 2011 in Nanjing. An old notebook I couldn't bear to write in is nearly ruined by a squashed cup of yogurt, and I wonder whether letting go is often the more perfect ending.2011 年 3 月南京的春天：舍不得写字的旧笔记本，差点毁于一杯被压破的酸奶，于是想到，很多时候放弃也许才是更完美的结局。

March 2011, on the calluses of people who write by hand, the feel of white paper and the customs of writing in the old days, and a beauty that may be fading as the keyboard replaces paper and pen.2011 年 3 月，写字的人手指上的茧、白纸的质感、古人行文的讲究：纸和笔正被键盘取代，这种美也许正在消逝。

The night before leaving my hometown, Mianyang, for university in Nanjing, September 2010. In the night rain, on loving Mianyang and Nanshan, and "I'm leaving. I'm coming."2010 年 9 月，离开家乡绵阳去南京上大学的前一夜：在夜雨里写对绵阳、对南山的爱，以及“我走了，我来了”。

October 2008, a bedtime run at boarding school: glancing up mid-run at stars I hadn't seen for a long time, and remembering a childhood love of the night sky.2008 年 10 月，高中住校时的睡前长跑：跑着跑着抬头，看见久违的星，想起小时候对星空的挚爱。